مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مقیاس حمایت دموکراتیک	مقیاس هویت ملی
حوزه	روان‌شناسی سیاسی	روان‌شناسی سیاسی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1999	1989
پدیدآور	Russell Dalton & Pippa Norris	Richard Kosterman & Seymour Feshbach
نوع	Self-report	Self-report
منبع بنیادین	Dalton, R. J. (2004). Democratic challenges, democratic choices: The erosion of political support in advanced industrial democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.	Kosterman, R., & Feshbach, S. (1989). Toward a measure of patriotic and nationalistic attitudes. Political Psychology, 10(2), 257-274.
نام‌های دیگر	SFD, Democratic Legitimacy Scale, System Support Scale	NIS, National Attachment Scale, Patriotism Scale
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	The Democratic Support Scale measures citizen commitment to democracy as a regime type, including beliefs that democracy is the best system of government, willingness to defend democratic institutions, and rejection of non-democratic alternatives. Pioneered by Norris (1999) and Dalton (2004) in comparative research, the measure distinguishes regime support (belief in democracy's superiority) from performance support (satisfaction with current government). It addresses the paradox of 'critical citizens'—in advanced democracies, people often express dissatisfaction with current government performance while maintaining deep commitment to democratic principles.	The National Identity Scale measures the strength and character of individuals' identification with their nation, including attachment to national symbols, pride in national achievements, and sense of belonging to the national community. Developed by Kosterman and Feshbach (1989), it distinguishes patriotism (pride in national accomplishments, willingness to serve) from nationalism (belief in national superiority, willingness to act against outsiders). The measure has become essential in comparative politics, examining how national identity shapes political behavior, attitudes toward immigration, support for international cooperation, and electoral choices.