مقایسهٔ روشها
روشهای انتخابی خود را کنار هم مرور کنید؛ ردیفهای متفاوت برجسته شدهاند.
| روش دلفی× | قومنگاری× | |
|---|---|---|
| حوزه | کیفی | کیفی |
| خانواده | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سال پیدایش≠ | 1963 | c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific) |
| پدیدآور≠ | Norman Dalkey & Olaf Helmer (RAND Corporation) | Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology |
| نوع≠ | Structured iterative expert-elicitation process | Qualitative fieldwork tradition |
| منبع بنیادین≠ | Dalkey, N. & Helmer, O. (1963). An Experimental Application of the Delphi Method to the Use of Experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458-467. DOI ↗ | Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462 |
| نامهای دیگر≠ | Delphi Yöntemi, Delphi technique, expert consensus method | Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research |
| مرتبط | 5 | 5 |
| خلاصه≠ | The Delphi method is a structured, iterative survey technique developed by Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer at the RAND Corporation in 1963 for eliciting and converging expert opinion on complex topics where empirical data are unavailable or insufficient. It collects independent judgements from a geographically dispersed expert panel over multiple anonymous rounds, feeding aggregated results back to participants after each round so they can revise their views in light of the group's collective position. | Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together. |
| ScholarGateمجموعهداده ↗ |
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