مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مقیاس مشاهده‌ای غربالگری دلیریوم (DOS)	شاخص کاتز برای استقلال در فعالیت‌های روزمره زندگی (ADL)
حوزه	پرستاری	پرستاری
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2003	1963
پدیدآور	Mieke J. Schuurmans	Sidney Katz
نوع	Clinician-rated observation screening tool	Clinician-rated or observational functional assessment
منبع بنیادین	Schuurmans, M. J., Shortridge-Baggett, L. M., & Duursma, S. A. (2003). The Delirium Observation Screening Scale: a screening instrument for delirium. Res Theory Nurs Pract, 17(1), 31-50.	Katz, S., Ford, A. B., Moskowitz, R. W., Jackson, B. A., & Jaffe, M. W. (1963). Studies of Illness in the Aged: The Index of ADL, a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. JAMA, 185(12), 914-919.
نام‌های دیگر	DOS, Delirium Screening Scale, Delirium Observation	Katz Index, Katz ADL Scale, Index of ADL
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	The Delirium Observation Screening Scale (DOS), developed by Mieke J. Schuurmans and colleagues in 2003, is a brief clinician-rated screening instrument designed to detect delirium in hospitalized older adults. Delirium—acute onset confusion, inattention, and disorganized thinking—is a common complication in hospitals and intensive care units that increases mortality, morbidity, and length of stay. The DOS captures the hallmark features of delirium through direct observation, making it practical for rapid, repeated screening in busy clinical settings.	The Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, developed by Sidney Katz and colleagues in 1963, is one of the earliest and most widely used tools for assessing functional status in older adults and persons with chronic illness. The scale evaluates six essential self-care activities (bathing, dressing, toileting, transfer, continence, feeding) through direct observation or interview and assigns an overall grade (A through G) reflecting the degree of independence. It remains a foundational instrument in geriatric assessment, rehabilitation medicine, and long-term care settings.