مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	اعتبارسنجی متقابل	آزمون جایگشتی (تصادفی‌سازی)
حوزه	تصمیم‌گیری	آمار
خانواده	MCDM	Regression model
سال پیدایش	1974	2005
پدیدآور	Stone, M.	Good (2005); Edgington & Onghena (2007); resampling tradition
نوع	Robustness wrapper — k-fold cross-validation for MCDM stability	Nonparametric resampling test
منبع بنیادین	Stone, M. (1974). Cross-validatory choice and assessment of statistical predictions. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B	Good, P. (2005). Permutation, Parametric and Bootstrap Tests of Hypotheses (3rd ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-0387202792
نام‌های دیگر	—	randomization test, exact permutation test, re-randomization test, Permütasyon Testi
مرتبط	0	5
خلاصه	CROSS-VALIDATION (Cross-Validation — k-fold hold-out validation of MCDM decision consistency) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Stone, M. in 1974. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.	The permutation test is a nonparametric resampling procedure that builds the sampling distribution of a test statistic directly from the data by repeatedly shuffling the group labels. Developed in the resampling tradition and treated systematically by Good (2005) and Edgington & Onghena (2007), it requires no parametric distributional assumption and yields an exact p-value.