مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	پژوهش تاریخ زندگی انتقادی	تاریخ شفاهی
حوزه	کیفی	کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1980s–1990s	1948 (modern disciplinary form); broader roots in 19th-century folklore and anthropology
پدیدآور	Ivor Goodson; influenced by critical theory traditions (Freire, Habermas, feminist scholars)	Allan Nevins (Columbia University Oral History Project, 1948); earlier roots in folk-life and anthropological fieldwork
نوع	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research method
منبع بنیادین	Goodson, I. F., & Sikes, P. (2001). Life History Research in Educational Settings: Learning from Lives. Open University Press. ISBN: 978-0335205530	Ritchie, D. A. (2003). Doing Oral History: A Practical Guide (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195176957
نام‌های دیگر	critical biographical research, critical life history, critical life history method, critical biographical inquiry	life history interview, oral testimony, spoken history, oral narrative research
مرتبط	6	6
خلاصه	Critical life history research combines the biographical depth of life history methodology with critical theory perspectives — drawing on feminist, Marxist, postcolonial, or critical race frameworks — to examine how structural power relations, social inequalities, and institutional forces shape individual lives. Rather than treating a life story as a purely personal account, this approach reads it as evidence of wider social and political conditions, using individual narratives to surface systemic patterns of oppression, resistance, and agency.	Oral history is a qualitative research method that collects, preserves, and interprets first-person spoken accounts of past events, experiences, and social processes. By recording in-depth interviews with individuals who witnessed or participated in historical events, oral historians document perspectives that written records often exclude. The method bridges historical scholarship and social science, treating the narrator's memory, subjectivity, and voice as primary evidence rather than as limitations to be corrected.