مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	قوم‌نگاری نهادی انتقادی	مطالعه موردی انتقادی
حوزه	کیفی	کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1987 (IE foundational); critical applications prominent 1990s–2000s	1980s–2006 (formalized)
پدیدآور	Dorothy E. Smith (institutional ethnography); critical variant developed through feminist and critical scholars	Bent Flyvbjerg (formalized); Robert K. Yin (case study typology)
نوع	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research design
منبع بنیادین	Smith, D. E. (2005). Institutional Ethnography: A Sociology for People. AltaMira Press. ISBN: 978-0759105010	Flyvbjerg, B. (2006). Five misunderstandings about case-study research. Qualitative Inquiry, 12(2), 219–245.
نام‌های دیگر	Critical IE, critical-IE, institutional ethnography with critical orientation, CIE	critical case, strategic case study, critical-instance case study, paradigmatic case study
مرتبط	6	6
خلاصه	Critical institutional ethnography (CIE) combines Dorothy Smith's institutional ethnography with an explicit critical theory lens to investigate how ruling relations, texts, and institutional discourses reproduce inequality and power asymmetries. Starting from the lived experiences of people positioned within or subordinated by institutions, CIE traces how abstract institutional processes coordinate everyday life and subjects those processes to normative critique aimed at social transformation.	A critical case study is a case study design in which the researcher deliberately selects a case that is strategically important for testing, confirming, challenging, or extending an existing proposition, theory, or policy claim. Rather than choosing a typical or representative case, the researcher argues that if the finding holds here — in this most-likely, least-likely, or paradigmatic instance — it can reasonably be expected to hold more broadly. This purposive logic transforms a single case into a powerful analytical tool.