مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	دستورالعمل‌های کمیته اخلاق در انتشار (COPE)	سرقت علمی در پژوهش‌های دانشگاهی
حوزه	اخلاق انتشار	اخلاق انتشار
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1997	1989
پدیدآور	Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)	U.S. Office of Research Integrity (ORI) and institutional policies
نوع	Standard	Standard
منبع بنیادین	Committee on Publication Ethics (2023). COPE Guidelines. COPE Website.	U.S. Office of Research Integrity (2023). Definition of Research Misconduct. Federal Policy on Research Misconduct (42 CFR Part 93). ORI.
نام‌های دیگر	COPE, Publication Ethics Flowcharts, Editorial Guidelines	Text Plagiarism, Idea Plagiarism, Self-Plagiarism
مرتبط	4	4
خلاصه	The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), founded in 1997, is an international organization of journal editors and publishers that promotes and advances research integrity and publication ethics. COPE provides practical guidance through flowcharts, position statements, and ethical guidelines addressing misconduct (fabrication, falsification, plagiarism), authorship disputes, conflicts of interest, and corrections. COPE's resources are freely available and adopted by thousands of journals globally. COPE is not a regulator; it advises editors and researchers on handling ethical issues and promotes a culture of integrity in publishing.	Plagiarism—the use of others' words, ideas, or methods without attribution—is formally classified as research misconduct by the U.S. Office of Research Integrity and most institutions worldwide. It ranges from verbatim copying of text to paraphrasing without citation to presenting others' ideas as one's own. Unlike accidental omission of a citation (which is corrected via erratum), plagiarism implies intent or gross negligence and triggers investigation, potential retraction, and career consequences. Plagiarism detection tools (e.g., Turnitin, iThenticate) and manual checking by journals now routinely screen manuscripts.