مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	روش ترکیبی عمل‌گرایانه همزمان	روش‌های ترکیبی همزمان تحول‌آفرین
حوزه	طراحی پژوهش	طراحی پژوهش
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2000s–2010s	2000s (formalized ~2007–2009)
پدیدآور	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark; philosophical grounding by R. Burke Johnson & Anthony Onwuegbuzie	Donna M. Mertens; John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark
نوع	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
منبع بنیادین	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-1483344379
نام‌های دیگر	concurrent pragmatic design, pragmatic concurrent mixed methods, simultaneous pragmatic mixed methods	concurrent transformative design, simultaneous transformative mixed methods, parallel transformative design, transformative concurrent design
مرتبط	6	5
خلاصه	Concurrent pragmatic mixed methods is a research design that collects quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously within a pragmatic philosophical framework. Rather than privileging either positivism or constructivism, the pragmatic stance selects methods based on what best answers the research question. Both data strands are gathered in parallel, then merged at the interpretation stage to provide a fuller picture than either strand alone could yield.	Concurrent transformative mixed methods design collects quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously, guided by a transformative theoretical lens — such as feminist, critical race, disability, or indigenous frameworks — that foregrounds equity, power, and social change. The design gives either strand equal or unequal priority, but both strands are explicitly shaped by the transformative worldview. Findings are merged or compared to generate actionable insights that advocate for marginalized communities.