مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	تاریخ شفاهی تطبیقی	قوم‌نگاری تطبیقی
حوزه	کیفی	کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1970s–1990s (oral history discipline; comparative application developed through 1990s)	1987–1995 (systematic comparative ethnography formalized)
پدیدآور	Alessandro Portelli, Paul Thompson (oral history tradition); comparative design adapted from cross-cultural qualitative research	George E. Marcus (multi-sited formulation); Charles C. Ragin (comparative logic)
نوع	Qualitative comparative research design	Qualitative comparative research design
منبع بنیادین	Portelli, A. (1991). The Death of Luigi Trastulli and Other Stories: Form and Meaning in Oral History. State University of New York Press. ISBN: 978-0791404997	Marcus, G. E. (1995). Ethnography in/of the world system: The emergence of multi-sited ethnography. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, 95–117.
نام‌های دیگر	comparative oral history, cross-group oral history, comparative oral testimony, multi-site oral history	multi-sited ethnography, cross-site ethnography, comparative field research, comparative participant observation
مرتبط	6	6
خلاصه	Comparative oral history collects and systematically compares first-person spoken testimonies from two or more distinct groups, communities, or historical contexts. The method blends the interpretive depth of oral history — privileging personal memory and narrative — with the analytical logic of comparative design, enabling researchers to identify both shared patterns and meaningful differences across the groups under study.	Comparative ethnography is a qualitative research design that conducts in-depth ethnographic fieldwork across two or more sites, groups, communities, or cultural settings in order to generate systematic comparisons. Rather than describing a single community in isolation, it traces similarities, differences, and interconnections across cases, producing theoretically grounded insights that no single site could yield alone.