مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	نظریه داده‌بنیاد سازه‌انگارانه مقایسه‌ای	قوم‌نگاری تطبیقی
حوزه	کیفی	کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	2000s (Charmaz 2000; extended comparatively through 2006–2014)	1987–1995 (systematic comparative ethnography formalized)
پدیدآور	Kathy Charmaz (constructivist strand); comparative application developed in qualitative methodology literature	George E. Marcus (multi-sited formulation); Charles C. Ragin (comparative logic)
نوع	Qualitative comparative research design	Qualitative comparative research design
منبع بنیادین	Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide Through Qualitative Analysis. Sage. ISBN: 978-0761973133	Marcus, G. E. (1995). Ethnography in/of the world system: The emergence of multi-sited ethnography. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, 95–117.
نام‌های دیگر	Comparative CGT, cross-group constructivist grounded theory, comparative Charmaz grounded theory, multi-site constructivist grounded theory	multi-sited ethnography, cross-site ethnography, comparative field research, comparative participant observation
مرتبط	6	6
خلاصه	Comparative Constructivist Grounded Theory combines Kathy Charmaz's constructivist strand of grounded theory with an explicit comparative design, deliberately collecting and analyzing data from two or more groups, settings, or time points to build a theory that accounts for variation and similarity across contexts. The constructivist perspective treats categories and theory as co-constructed between researcher and participants rather than discovered objectively from data.	Comparative ethnography is a qualitative research design that conducts in-depth ethnographic fieldwork across two or more sites, groups, communities, or cultural settings in order to generate systematic comparisons. Rather than describing a single community in isolation, it traces similarities, differences, and interconnections across cases, producing theoretically grounded insights that no single site could yield alone.