مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	پژوهش زندگی‌نامه‌ای مقایسه‌ای	تاریخ شفاهی
حوزه	کیفی	کیفی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1970s–1980s	1948 (modern disciplinary form); broader roots in 19th-century folklore and anthropology
پدیدآور	Daniel Bertaux; Paul Thompson	Allan Nevins (Columbia University Oral History Project, 1948); earlier roots in folk-life and anthropological fieldwork
نوع	Qualitative comparative research design	Qualitative research method
منبع بنیادین	Bertaux, D. (Ed.). (1981). Biography and Society: The Life History Approach in the Social Sciences. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803914025	Ritchie, D. A. (2003). Doing Oral History: A Practical Guide (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195176957
نام‌های دیگر	comparative biography, cross-case biographical analysis, biographical comparative method, comparative life-story research	life history interview, oral testimony, spoken history, oral narrative research
مرتبط	6	6
خلاصه	Comparative biographical research is a qualitative design that gathers in-depth life-story accounts from multiple participants and systematically compares them to identify structural patterns, commonalities, and divergences across individual biographies. Rooted in the sociological life-history tradition, it moves beyond single-case description to generate broader theoretical insights about how social conditions, historical contexts, and personal agency shape individual trajectories.	Oral history is a qualitative research method that collects, preserves, and interprets first-person spoken accounts of past events, experiences, and social processes. By recording in-depth interviews with individuals who witnessed or participated in historical events, oral historians document perspectives that written records often exclude. The method bridges historical scholarship and social science, treating the narrator's memory, subjectivity, and voice as primary evidence rather than as limitations to be corrected.