مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	آزمایش عاملی تصادفی خوشه‌ای	آزمایش عاملی کسری
حوزه	طراحی آزمایش	طراحی آزمایش
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1990s (formalized in group-randomized trial literature)	1945 (Finney); broader development 1950s–1970s by Box, Hunter
پدیدآور	David M. Murray and colleagues; Allan Donner & Neil Klar	D. J. Finney (formal development); foundations in Ronald Fisher's factorial design work
نوع	Experimental design	Quantitative experimental design
منبع بنیادین	Murray, D. M. (1998). Design and Analysis of Group-Randomized Trials. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195120912	Box, G. E. P., Hunter, J. S., & Hunter, W. G. (2005). Statistics for Experimenters: Design, Innovation, and Discovery (2nd ed.). Wiley-Interscience. ISBN: 978-0471718130
نام‌های دیگر	cluster-randomized factorial design, group-randomized factorial trial, CRT factorial, clustered factorial experiment	fractional factorial design, FFD, 2^(k-p) design, fractional replication
مرتبط	5	4
خلاصه	A cluster randomized factorial experiment assigns intact groups (clusters such as schools, clinics, or communities) at random to all combinations of two or more treatment factors, enabling simultaneous evaluation of multiple interventions and their interactions while respecting the natural grouping of participants. It merges the logistical and ethical advantages of cluster randomization with the efficiency of factorial design.	A fractional factorial experiment is a resource-efficient experimental design that tests only a carefully chosen fraction of all possible factor-level combinations. By exploiting the principle that high-order interactions are usually negligible, it identifies the main effects and low-order interactions of k factors using far fewer runs than a full factorial design — making it the workhorse of industrial and engineering screening experiments.