مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	مرکزیت نزدیکی	مرکزیت بینابینی
حوزه	تحلیل شبکه	تحلیل شبکه
خانواده	Machine learning	Machine learning
سال پیدایش	1950 (formalized 1979)	1977
پدیدآور	Bavelas, A.; formalized by Freeman, L. C.	Freeman, L. C.
نوع	Node-level centrality index	Centrality measure
منبع بنیادین	Freeman, L. C. (1979). Centrality in social networks: Conceptual clarification. Social Networks, 1(3), 215–239.	Freeman, L. C. (1977). A set of measures of centrality based on betweenness. Sociometry, 40(1), 35–41.
نام‌های دیگر	closeness, farness-based centrality, geodesic closeness, normalized closeness centrality	Freeman betweenness, BC, geodesic betweenness, shortest-path betweenness
مرتبط	6	6
خلاصه	Closeness centrality measures how quickly a node can reach all others in a network by computing the inverse of its average shortest-path distance to every other node. First described by Bavelas (1950) and formally unified by Freeman (1979), it identifies nodes that can spread information or resources efficiently across the entire graph — not merely nodes with many direct contacts.	Betweenness centrality, formalized by Linton C. Freeman in 1977, measures how often a node lies on the shortest path connecting every other pair of nodes in a network. High-betweenness nodes act as bridges or brokers: removing them fragments the network into disconnected components more severely than removing any other nodes.