مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	پوسچروگرافی مرکز فشار (Center of Pressure Posturography)	Electromechanical Delay
حوزه	علوم ورزشی	علوم ورزشی
خانواده	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
سال پیدایش	2000	1979
پدیدآور	Teodoro Duarte	Paavo Komi
نوع	force plate analysis	EMG-force analysis
منبع بنیادین	Duarte, M., & Freitas, S. M. (2010). Revision of posturography based on force plate for balance evaluation. Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia, 14(3), 183-192.	Cavanagh, P. R., & Komi, P. V. (1979). Electromechanical delay in skeletal muscle under normal movement conditions. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 106(3), 241-248.
نام‌های دیگر	CoP, postural sway, balance analysis, stability assessment	EMD, electromechanical lag, neural delay, activation delay
مرتبط	4	5
خلاصه	Center of pressure (CoP) posturography measures postural stability by analyzing the movement of the body's center of pressure—the point where the total force of body weight is concentrated—during quiet stance or dynamic balance tasks. Formalized by Duarte and colleagues (2000), CoP analysis provides quantitative metrics of postural sway including sway area, path length, and velocity. These measurements reflect the integrated function of sensory systems (proprioception, vestibular, visual), central integration, and motor control. CoP posturography is widely used in neurology, vestibular medicine, rehabilitation, and sports science to detect balance deficits and monitor recovery.	Electromechanical delay (EMD) is the time interval between electrical muscle activation (detected via electromyography) and the first detectable mechanical force output. Introduced by Cavanagh and Komi (1979), EMD reflects the physiological lag inherent in converting neural input into mechanical work. This delay arises from several sources: time for the action potential to propagate, time for calcium release, time for cross-bridge cycling to begin, and elastic recoil of muscle-tendon structures. EMD is typically 30-100 milliseconds in skeletal muscle and varies with muscle group, contraction type, and training status. Understanding EMD is important for explaining performance in rapid movements and for assessing neuromuscular function.