مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	Asch Conformity Paradigm	Confederate Paradigm
حوزه	روان‌شناسی اجتماعی	روان‌شناسی اجتماعی
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
سال پیدایش	1956	1956
پدیدآور	Solomon Asch	Classic social psychology (Asch, Milgram, Latane and others)
نوع	Experimental paradigm for normative social influence	Methodological design using trained accomplices
منبع بنیادین	Asch, S. E. (1956). Studies of independence and conformity: I. A minority of one against a unanimous majority. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 70(9), 1-70.	Asch, S. E. (1956). Studies of independence and conformity: I. A minority of one against a unanimous majority. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 70(9), 1-70.
نام‌های دیگر	Asch Line Experiment, Conformity Paradigm, Majority Influence Task	Experimental Accomplice Method, Stooge Paradigm, Trained Confederate Design
مرتبط	3	3
خلاصه	The Asch conformity paradigm, established by Solomon Asch in the 1950s, demonstrates the power of group pressure to make people publicly endorse a manifestly false judgment. A naive participant joins a group of confederates for a simple perceptual task -- matching the length of a standard line to one of three comparison lines, where the correct answer is obvious. On certain critical trials the confederates unanimously give the same wrong answer, and the experimenter measures how often the lone real participant goes along with the majority against the evidence of their own eyes. Asch found that a substantial proportion of participants conformed at least once, even on an unambiguous task, while systematic variations revealed that conformity rises with majority size up to a point and collapses when unanimity is broken. The paradigm became the canonical demonstration of normative social influence.	The confederate paradigm is a foundational methodological design in social psychology in which trained accomplices -- people who appear to be ordinary participants or bystanders but are actually part of the research team -- enact scripted behavior to create controlled social situations. By standardizing what confederates do, researchers can manipulate the social environment with precision while keeping the naive participant convinced the situation is real. Confederates have been the linchpin of many landmark studies: the unanimous wrong majority in Asch's conformity work, the passive bystanders in Latane and Darley's helping experiments, the learner in Milgram's obedience studies, and partners in countless interaction studies. The paradigm allows experimental control over otherwise uncontrollable social stimuli, making it possible to draw causal conclusions about how others' behavior shapes our own.