مقایسهٔ روش‌ها

	آزمایش تطبیقی	تحلیل ترتیبی (طرح ترتیبی گروهی)
حوزه	طراحی آزمایش	آمار
خانواده	Process / pipeline	Hypothesis test
سال پیدایش	1940s–1970s (sequential foundations); formalised in clinical and behavioural research by 1980s–2000s	1977
پدیدآور	Abraham Wald (sequential analysis foundation); expanded by Robbins, Armitage, and others	P. C. O'Brien & T. R. Fleming; P. C. Pocock
نوع	Experimental research design	Sequential / adaptive hypothesis test
منبع بنیادین	Chow, S. C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584886761	O'Brien, P.C. & Fleming, T.R. (1979). A Multiple Testing Procedure for Clinical Trials. Biometrics, 35(3), 549–556.
نام‌های دیگر	adaptive design, response-adaptive randomization, adaptive trial, adaptive randomization	sequential testing, group sequential design, interim analysis, Sıralı Analiz (Sequential Testing / Group Sequential Design)
مرتبط	5	5
خلاصه	An adaptive experiment is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow the protocol to be modified — such as reallocating participants to better-performing arms, stopping early for efficacy or futility, or changing sample size — based on accumulating interim data, while maintaining statistical validity. Adaptive designs are widely used in clinical trials, behavioural economics, and online platform testing to improve efficiency and ethics without sacrificing inferential rigour.	Sequential analysis is a framework for conducting hypothesis tests with pre-planned interim looks at accumulating data, allowing a study to stop early for efficacy or futility while controlling the overall Type I error rate. The group sequential approach was formalised by Pocock (1977) and O'Brien and Fleming (1979), and remains the standard for confirmatory clinical trials and rigorous A/B experiments.