مقایسهٔ روشها
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| مطالعه مورد-شاهدی تطبیقی× | مطالعه کوهورت تطبیقی× | |
|---|---|---|
| حوزه | اپیدمیولوژی | اپیدمیولوژی |
| خانواده | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| سال پیدایش≠ | 1950s (base design); adaptive extensions developed from the 1970s–1990s | 2000s–2010s (systematic formalisation) |
| پدیدآور≠ | Builds on Doll & Hill (1950s) case-control foundations; adaptive elements drawn from sequential analysis (Wald, 1947) and group-sequential methods (Armitage, 1975) | Extension of classic cohort methods; adaptive design principles formalised by regulatory and epidemiology communities in the 2000s–2010s |
| نوع≠ | Adaptive observational epidemiological design | Observational / adaptive epidemiological design |
| منبع بنیادین≠ | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 | VanderWeele, T. J., & Hernan, M. A. (2012). Results on differential and dependent measurement error of the exposure and the outcome using signed directed acyclic graphs. American Journal of Epidemiology, 175(12), 1303–1310. DOI ↗ |
| نامهای دیگر | adaptive case-control design, sequential case-control study, adaptive observational study, dynamic case-control study | adaptive longitudinal study, flexible cohort design, adaptive prospective cohort, ACS |
| مرتبط≠ | 6 | 4 |
| خلاصه≠ | An adaptive case-control study is a case-control design that incorporates pre-specified rules allowing modification of study parameters — such as sample size, case-to-control ratio, or matching criteria — based on interim data, without compromising validity. It combines the efficiency of adaptive methodology with the retrospective exposure-ascertainment logic of classical case-control research, enabling investigators to respond to emerging evidence while the study is ongoing. | An adaptive cohort study is a longitudinal observational design that follows a defined group of individuals over time to assess exposure-outcome relationships, while incorporating pre-specified adaptation rules that allow protocol modifications — such as sample-size re-estimation, subgroup enrichment, or measurement schedule adjustments — based on accumulating interim data. Adaptations are made without compromising validity, guided by a statistical analysis plan agreed upon before data collection begins. |
| ScholarGateمجموعهداده ↗ |
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