Null Hypothesis Testing
Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) is the dominant statistical framework in empirical research. The null hypothesis (H₀) represents the default assumption—typically 'no effect' or 'no difference'—while the alternative hypothesis (H₁) represents the claim being tested. The test calculates the probability of observing the data given H₀ is true (p-value); if p is very small, H₀ is rejected in favor of H₁. Formulated by Ronald Fisher and extended by Neyman and Pearson in the early 20th century, NHST is foundational to confirmatory research but has been widely critiqued for misuse and misinterpretation.
Allikakirje
Tsiteeringud kopeeritud meetodi allikakirjest sõna-sõnalt. Nendest ei saa järeldada väidete tasemel kinnitust.
- Fisher, R. A. (1925). Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Oliver and Boyd. · URL
- Neyman, J., & Pearson, E. S. (1933). On the problem of the most efficient tests of statistical hypotheses. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 231, 289–337. · DOI 10.1098/rsta.1933.0009
- Gigerenzer, G., & Marewski, J. N. (2015). Surrogate Science: The Idol of a Universal Method for Scientific Inference. Journal of Management, 41(2), 421–440. · DOI 10.1177/0149206314547522
Kureeritud väited
Väited on salvestatud tõendite registrisse, igal oma hinnanguga.
See vaade ei loo väite hinnangut, kui registris seda pole.
Seotud meetodid
Genereeritud meetodigraafist ja kuvatud masina soovitatud seostena – väiteid ei järeldata.