Multilevel Item Response Theory
Multilevel item response theory (MLIRT) joins two powerful frameworks: an IRT measurement model that turns item responses into a latent ability, and a multilevel structural model that explains how that ability varies across nested groups such as classrooms, schools, or countries. Instead of first scoring a test and then running a multilevel regression on the scores, MLIRT does both at once, so that measurement error in ability is properly carried into the group-level analysis. It is the rigorous way to study how student and school characteristics relate to a latent trait measured by a test.
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- Fox, J.-P. (2010). Bayesian Item Response Modeling: Theory and Applications. Springer. · DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0742-4
- De Boeck, P., & Wilson, M. (Eds.). (2004). Explanatory Item Response Models: A Generalized Linear and Nonlinear Approach. Springer. · ISBN 9780387402758
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