Iowa Gambling Task
The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is a laboratory analog of real-world decision-making that measures how individuals make risky choices when outcomes are uncertain. Participants select cards from four decks, each offering different patterns of rewards and losses. The task reveals whether participants learn from experience to prefer advantageous decks (smaller immediate gains, fewer losses) over disadvantageous ones (larger gains, greater long-term losses). The IGT has been instrumental in understanding decision-making deficits in brain injury, addiction, and psychiatric conditions.
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- Bechara, A., Damasio, A. R., Damasio, H., & Anderson, S. W. (1994). Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex. Cognition, 50(1-3), 7-15. · DOI 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90018-3
- Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., & Damasio, A. R. (1997). Deciding advantageously before knowing the advantageous strategy. Science, 275(5304), 1293-1295. · DOI 10.1126/science.275.5304.1293
- Worthy, D. A., Hawkins, G. E., & Swinburne Romine, R. (2013). Older adults show a bias towards choosing familiar decks in the Iowa Gambling Task. Experimental Aging Research, 39(4), 466-480. · URL
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