Comparar métodos

	PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses	Meta-análisis en Red	Análisis de sesgo de publicación
Campo	Metaanálisis	Síntesis de evidencia	Metaanálisis
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Hypothesis test
Año de origen	2021	2002	1997
Autor original	Matthew Page et al. (PRISMA 2020)	Lumley (2002)	Matthias Egger et al.
Tipo	Reporting guideline and flow diagram	Method	Diagnostic bias test for meta-analysis
Fuente seminal	Page, M. J., et al. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71.	Lumley, T. (2002). Network meta-analysis for indirect treatment comparisons. Statistics in Medicine, 21(16), 2313–2324.	Egger, M., Davey Smith, G., Schneider, M., & Minder, C. (1997). Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ, 315(7109), 629–634.
Alias	Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, PRISMA 2020, PRISMA checklist, Sistematik Derleme Raporlama Kılavuzu	Mixed Treatment Comparison, MTC, Indirect Comparison Meta-Analysis	Small-Study Effects Test, Funnel Plot Asymmetry Test, Egger Regression Test, Yayın Yanlılığı Analizi
Relacionados	2	1	1
Resumen	PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) is a standardized reporting guideline designed to improve the transparency and completeness of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Introduced in its current form by Page et al. in 2021 as PRISMA 2020, it provides a 27-item checklist and a four-phase flow diagram that together ensure every stage of a review — from database searching through final inclusion — is documented and reproducible.	Network meta-analysis (NMA) is a systematic method for comparing multiple interventions simultaneously within a single analytical framework, incorporating both direct evidence (head-to-head trials) and indirect evidence (comparisons via common comparators). First formalized by Lumley in 2002, NMA allows researchers to rank treatments and quantify comparative effectiveness even when some treatment pairs have never been directly studied.	Publication bias analysis examines whether the set of studies included in a meta-analysis is a representative sample of all conducted research, or whether studies with non-significant or unfavorable results have been systematically suppressed. Matthias Egger and colleagues introduced the regression-based funnel plot asymmetry test in 1997, providing a formal statistical complement to the graphical funnel plot inspection long used in evidence synthesis.