Comparar métodos

	Disability Weights Elicitation	Model Disability Survey
Campo	Disability Studies	Disability Studies
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Año de origen	2012	2022
Autor original	Joshua A. Salomon and the Global Burden of Disease disability weights collaboration	World Health Organization and World Bank (Model Disability Survey collaboration)
Tipo	Survey-and-estimation pipeline for valuing health states on a 0-1 scale	General-population survey operationalizing the ICF biopsychosocial model of functioning
Fuente seminal	Salomon, J. A., Vos, T., Hogan, D. R., et al. (2012). Common values in assessing health outcomes from disease and injury: disability weights measurement study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. The Lancet, 380(9859), 2129-2143.	Sabariego, C., Fellinghauer, C., Lee, L., et al. (2022). Generating comprehensive functioning and disability data worldwide: development process, data analyses strategy and reliability of the WHO and World Bank Model Disability Survey. Archives of Public Health, 80, 6.
Alias	Health-State Valuation, Disability Weight Estimation, Paired-Comparison Disability Weighting, GBD Disability Weights Method	MDS, WHO Model Disability Survey, Metric Disability Continuum Survey, ICF-Based Functioning Survey
Relacionados	3	3
Resumen	Disability weights elicitation is the methodology for assigning each health state a number between zero and one that represents the level of health loss it entails, where zero is full health and one is a state equivalent to death. These weights are the ingredient that converts time lived in less-than-full health into the years-lived-with-disability component of summary health metrics, but the technique here is the valuation itself rather than the downstream metric. The dominant modern approach, developed for the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study by Salomon and colleagues, abandoned older clinician-based valuations in favor of large population surveys that ask ordinary people to make simple paired comparisons between described health states. Because such comparisons yield only orderings, the method uses a probit regression to recover a latent severity scale and then anchors that scale to the zero-to-one disability-weight interval. The result is a set of weights grounded in common values held across diverse populations, describing functioning loss in terms compatible with the biopsychosocial view of health embodied in the ICF.	The Model Disability Survey is a general-population survey developed jointly by the World Health Organization and the World Bank to generate comprehensive, internationally comparable data on functioning and disability. Unlike instruments that classify people as disabled or not, it operationalizes the biopsychosocial model of the WHO ICF, treating disability as the outcome of an interaction between a person's intrinsic capacity and the environment in which they live. The survey collects detailed self-reported information on how much difficulty people have across many domains of functioning, distinguishing what a person can do in a standardized environment (capacity) from what they actually do in their own environment (performance), and it separately measures environmental barriers and facilitators. As documented by Sabariego and colleagues in 2022, these responses are combined using a Rasch measurement model into a single metric scale, so that disability is represented as a continuum running across the whole population rather than as a yes/no category. The result is a graded picture of functioning suited to prevalence estimation, equity analysis, and policy on a comparable metric.