Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics • Industrial Structure • Growth • Fluctuations

Economic history: macroeconomics, growth, and fluctuations (JEL N1) covers the long-run history of growth and the macroeconomy.

Scope

It includes historical growth, business cycles, money, and industrial structure across eras and regions.

Sub-topics

• General, International, or Comparative
• U.S. • Canada: Pre-1913
• U.S. • Canada: 1913–
• Europe: Pre-1913
• Europe: 1913–
• Asia including Middle East
• Latin America • Caribbean
• Africa • Oceania

Core questions

• How did economies grow and fluctuate historically?
• What can history reveal about growth?
• How did money and macro institutions evolve?

Key concepts

• Historical growth
• Business cycles in history
• Industrialization
• Monetary history
• Great Divergence

Frequently asked questions

What is the Great Divergence?

The historical process by which Western economies grew far richer than others, a central question in economic history.