Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue

Taxation, subsidies, and revenue (JEL H2) cover how governments raise revenue and the effects of taxes and subsidies.

Scope

It includes optimal taxation, tax incidence, the efficiency costs of taxation, and tax administration.

Sub-topics

• General
• Efficiency • Optimal Taxation
• Incidence
• Externalities • Redistributive Effects • Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
• Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
• Business Taxes and Subsidies
• Tax Evasion and Avoidance
• Other Sources of Revenue
• Other

Core questions

• How should taxes be designed?
• Who bears the burden of a tax?
• What are the efficiency costs of taxation?

Key concepts

• Optimal taxation
• Tax incidence
• Deadweight loss
• Subsidies
• Tax administration

Frequently asked questions

What is tax incidence?

The analysis of who actually bears the economic burden of a tax, which may differ from who legally pays it.