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| Standardized Mortality Ratio× | Indirect Standardization× | |
|---|---|---|
| Field | Demography | Demography |
| Family | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Year of origin≠ | 1987 | 2001 |
| Originator≠ | Classical vital-statistics method (formalized by Breslow & Day) | Classical demographic method (formalized by Preston, Heuveline & Guillot) |
| Type≠ | Ratio of observed to expected deaths under a standard rate schedule | Rate adjustment using a standard schedule of group-specific rates |
| Seminal source | Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512 | Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512 |
| Aliases≠ | SMR, Standardised Mortality Ratio, Indirectly Standardized Mortality Ratio | Indirect method of standardization, Standardized mortality ratio, SMR method, Dolaylı Standardizasyon |
| Related | 4 | 4 |
| Summary≠ | The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) compares the number of deaths actually observed in a study population with the number that would be expected if that population had experienced a standard set of age-specific death rates. It is the central output of indirect standardization: a single ratio, usually multiplied by 100, that says whether a group's mortality is higher or lower than a reference after accounting for its age structure. Because it needs only the study group's age distribution and total deaths — not stable age-specific rates within the group — the SMR is the method of choice when the group is small or its age-specific deaths are sparse. | Indirect standardization is a demographic technique for comparing summary rates when a study population's own group-specific rates are too sparse to be reliable. Instead of reweighting the study population's rates, it applies a trusted standard schedule of group-specific rates to the study population's own structure to compute the number of events that would be expected. The ratio of observed to expected events — the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) — measures how the study population's risk compares with the standard, adjusted for its composition. |
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