Compare methods

	Sport Commitment Model	Serious Leisure Inventory and Measure
Field	Sport Leisure Studies	Sport Leisure Studies
Family	Latent structure	Latent structure
Year of origin	1993	2008
Originator	Tara Scanlan and colleagues	Jay Gould, DeWayne Moore, Francis McGuire & Robert A. Stebbins
Type	Latent-variable model of the determinants of sport commitment	Multidimensional self-report measurement instrument
Seminal source	Scanlan, T. K., Carpenter, P. J., Schmidt, G. W., Simons, J. P., & Keeler, B. (1993). An Introduction to the Sport Commitment Model. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 15(1), 1-15.	Gould, J., Moore, D., McGuire, F., & Stebbins, R. (2008). Development of the Serious Leisure Inventory and Measure. Journal of Leisure Research, 40(1), 47-68.
Aliases	SCM, Scanlan Sport Commitment Model, Sport Commitment Questionnaire, Model of Commitment to Sport	SLIM, Serious Leisure Inventory, Serious Leisure Measure
Related	3	3
Summary	The Sport Commitment Model explains why people keep participating in a sport by treating commitment as a psychological state -- the desire and resolve to continue -- that is produced by a small set of measurable determinants. Introduced by Tara Scanlan and colleagues in 1993, the model proposes that commitment rises with sport enjoyment, personal investments, involvement opportunities, and social constraints, and falls as attractive alternatives to involvement increase. Each determinant is a latent factor measured by self-report items, and commitment itself is a latent outcome predicted by their combination, making the model a structural account of motivation that can be tested with questionnaires and structural equation modelling. Because commitment in turn predicts persistence, the model links the psychology of why athletes stay engaged to the behavior of actually continuing to take part.	The Serious Leisure Inventory and Measure (SLIM) is a multidimensional self-report instrument that operationalizes Robert Stebbins's serious leisure perspective for quantitative research. Stebbins defined serious leisure as the systematic pursuit of an amateur, hobbyist, or volunteer activity sufficiently substantial and interesting for the participant to find a career there, distinguished from casual leisure by six durable qualities: perseverance, a leisure career, significant personal effort, durable benefits, a unique ethos, and strong identification with the pursuit. Gould, Moore, McGuire and Stebbins's 2008 paper in the Journal of Leisure Research translated these six qualities into eighteen measurable sub-dimensions and, using expert q-sorts and confirmatory factor analysis, produced a validated seventy-two-item inventory with acceptable fit, reliability, and equivalence across samples. SLIM turned a rich but qualitative theory into a calibrated measure that researchers can use to compare the seriousness of leisure involvement across people and activities.