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	Resource Curse Analysis	Dependency Analysis
Field	Political Economy	Political Economy
Family	Regression model	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	2001	1966
Originator	Jeffrey Sachs & Andrew Warner (growth); Michael Ross (democracy)	Andre Gunder Frank; Fernando Henrique Cardoso & Enzo Faletto
Type	Cross-country regression analysis of resource dependence	Historical-structural development framework
Seminal source	Sachs, J. D., & Warner, A. M. (2001). Natural Resources and Economic Development: The Curse of Natural Resources. European Economic Review, 45(4-6), 827-838.	Cardoso, F. H., & Faletto, E. (1979). Dependency and Development in Latin America. University of California Press. ISBN: 9780520031937
Aliases	Natural Resource Curse Analysis, Paradox of Plenty Analysis, Rentier State Analysis, Resource Dependence Regression	Dependency Theory, Dependencia Analysis, Center-Periphery Analysis, Underdevelopment Theory
Related	3	4
Summary	Resource curse analysis is the empirical study of the paradox that economies rich in natural resources — oil, gas, minerals — often grow more slowly, remain less democratic, and suffer more conflict than resource-poor economies. Jeffrey Sachs and Andrew Warner's influential work, summarized in their 2001 European Economic Review article, documented a robust negative cross-country correlation between resource dependence and economic growth. Michael Ross's 2001 World Politics article extended the logic to politics, showing statistically that oil wealth is associated with weaker democracy through rentier, repression, and modernization mechanisms. The workhorse method is a cross-country regression of growth or democracy on a measure of resource dependence with controls for the standard determinants of development.	Dependency analysis is a historical-structural framework for explaining the persistent underdevelopment of poorer countries, developed by Latin American and dependency scholars in the 1960s and 1970s. Its founding claim, sharpened by Andre Gunder Frank in 'The Development of Underdevelopment' (1966), is that the poverty of the periphery is not a backward original condition awaiting modernization but is actively produced by the region's subordinate relation to the wealthy center: through colonial and post-colonial trade, the periphery's surplus is siphoned to the metropole via unequal exchange. Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Enzo Faletto, in Dependency and Development in Latin America (1979), gave the tradition its most influential statement by insisting that dependency operates through the internal class structures and political alliances of peripheral societies, producing not stagnation alone but particular, distorted forms of 'associated-dependent' development.