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	Resilience Measurement for Development	Livelihood Vulnerability Assessment
Field	Development Studies	Development Studies
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	2016	2009
Originator	FAO (RIMA); Christophe Béné and colleagues (conceptual framing)	IPCC framing; W. Neil Adger; Micah Hahn, Anne Riederer & Stanley Foster (LVI)
Type	Latent-variable framework for measuring development resilience	Composite-indicator framework for assessing climate and livelihood vulnerability
Seminal source	FAO (2016). RIMA-II: Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis-II. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.	Hahn, M. B., Riederer, A. M., & Foster, S. O. (2009). The Livelihood Vulnerability Index: A pragmatic approach to assessing risks from climate variability and change — A case study in Mozambique. Global Environmental Change, 19(1), 74–88.
Aliases	RIMA, Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis, Resilience Capacity Index, Development Resilience Measurement	Livelihood Vulnerability Index, LVI, Climate Vulnerability Assessment, Social Vulnerability Assessment
Related	4	4
Summary	Resilience Measurement and Analysis is a family of methods for quantifying the ability of households and communities to withstand, recover from, and adapt to shocks and stresses while maintaining or improving their well-being, especially food security. Exemplified by the FAO's Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis (RIMA-II) and informed by Béné and colleagues' critical conceptual work, it treats resilience as a latent capacity inferred from observable assets, access to services, and adaptive behaviours, estimated statistically and tracked over time to inform and evaluate resilience-building interventions.	Livelihood Vulnerability Assessment is a framework for measuring how exposed and susceptible households and communities are to climatic and socio-economic stresses, and how able they are to cope and adapt. Drawing on the IPCC's conceptualisation of vulnerability as a function of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity and operationalised in composite tools such as Hahn and colleagues' Livelihood Vulnerability Index, it translates the social and environmental dimensions of risk into indicators that can be compared across places and groups to guide adaptation and poverty-reduction investment.