Compare methods

	RCOPE (Full Religious Coping)	Sanctification Measures
Field	Religious Studies	Religious Studies
Family	Latent structure	Latent structure
Year of origin	2000	2005
Originator	Kenneth I. Pargament, Harold G. Koenig & Lisa M. Perez	Annette Mahoney & Kenneth I. Pargament
Type	Multidimensional latent measure of religious coping methods	Multidimensional latent measure of perceived sacredness
Seminal source	Pargament, K. I., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. M. (2000). The many methods of religious coping: Development and initial validation of the RCOPE. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56(4), 519-543.	Mahoney, A., Pargament, K. I., Cole, B., Jewell, T., Magyar, G. M., Tarakeshwar, N., Murray-Swank, N., & Phillips, R. (2005). A higher purpose: The sanctification of strivings in a community sample. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 15(3), 239-262.
Aliases	Full RCOPE, Religious Coping Scale, Pargament RCOPE, Comprehensive Religious Coping Measure	Sanctification Scale, Sanctification of Life Measure, Manifestation of God Scale, Sacred Qualities Scale
Related	3	3
Summary	The RCOPE, developed by Kenneth Pargament, Harold Koenig, and Lisa Perez in 2000, is the comprehensive instrument for measuring how people draw on religion to cope with stress, loss, and crisis. Where earlier measures asked only whether religion helped, the RCOPE maps the many specific methods of religious coping onto a set of subscales — from benevolent religious reappraisal, collaborative problem-solving with God, and seeking spiritual support to punishing-God reappraisal, spiritual discontent, and reappraisal of God's powers. These subscales sort into a positive religious coping pattern, reflecting a secure relationship with the sacred, and a negative pattern, reflecting spiritual struggle, and the two relate to adjustment in opposite directions. The full RCOPE is the parent instrument behind the widely used Brief RCOPE.	Sanctification measures, developed by Annette Mahoney and Kenneth Pargament, quantify the degree to which a person perceives a specific aspect of life — a marriage, the body, parenting, work, personal goals — as sacred. The framework defines sanctification as the process by which an object of life takes on spiritual character and significance, and it is measured along two routes: theistic sanctification, the perception that the object is a manifestation of God, and non-theistic sanctification, the perception that it possesses sacred qualities such as being blessed, holy, or transcendent even without explicit reference to God. Because almost any domain can be sanctified, the measures are target-specific, and across studies higher sanctification predicts greater investment in, and benefit from, the sanctified object.