Compare methods

	Need for Closure Scale	Authoritarian Dynamic Measurement
Field	Political Psychology	Political Psychology
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	1994	2005
Originator	Donna M. Webster & Arie W. Kruglanski	Karen Stenner & Stanley Feldman
Type	Self-report individual-difference scale	Self-report predisposition measure
Seminal source	Webster, D. M., & Kruglanski, A. W. (1994). Individual differences in need for cognitive closure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1049-1062.	Stenner, K. (2005). The authoritarian dynamic. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521534789
Aliases	NFCS, Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, Webster-Kruglanski Scale	Child-Rearing Authoritarianism Scale, Stenner Authoritarianism Measure, Authoritarian Predisposition Scale
Related	4	4
Summary	The Need for Cognitive Closure Scale, developed by Webster and Kruglanski (1994), measures a stable individual difference in the desire for a firm, definite answer to a question and an aversion to ambiguity and uncertainty. High need for closure is a key epistemic-motivation construct in political psychology, linked to conservatism, prejudice, intolerance of dissent, and resistance to belief change.	The authoritarian-dynamic approach, developed by Stenner (2005) and Feldman (2003), measures authoritarianism as a latent predisposition toward favoring social conformity and order over individual autonomy and difference, typically assessed with four forced-choice child-rearing values items rather than attitude statements. Its distinctive claim is that intolerance is a dynamic product of this predisposition interacting with perceived normative threat.