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	Motivation Scale for Sport Consumption	Sport Spectator Identification Scale
Field	Sport Leisure Studies	Sport Leisure Studies
Family	Latent structure	Latent structure
Year of origin	2001	1993
Originator	Galen T. Trail & Jeffrey D. James	Daniel L. Wann & Nyla R. Branscombe
Type	Multidimensional self-report psychometric scale	Single-factor self-report psychometric scale
Seminal source	Trail, G. T., & James, J. D. (2001). The motivation scale for sport consumption: Assessment of the scale's psychometric properties. Journal of Sport Behavior, 24(1), 108-127.	Wann, D. L., & Branscombe, N. R. (1993). Sports fans: Measuring degree of identification with their team. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 24(1), 1-17.
Aliases	MSSC, Sport Consumption Motivation Scale, Trail-James Motivation Scale	SSIS, Sport Spectator Identification, Team Identification Scale
Related	3	3
Summary	The Motivation Scale for Sport Consumption (MSSC) is a multidimensional self-report instrument that measures why people consume spectator sport, developed by Galen Trail and Jeffrey James in 2001. Rather than treating sport interest as a single drive, the MSSC distinguishes nine separable motives — achievement, acquisition of knowledge, aesthetics, drama, escape, family, physical skill of the players, physical attractiveness of participants, and social interaction — each measured as its own latent factor. Trail and James built the scale to address psychometric weaknesses they saw in earlier spectator-motivation measures, assessing its content, criterion, and construct validity and its internal consistency in their Journal of Sport Behavior paper. Because different motives predict different consumption behaviors, the MSSC lets researchers and marketers profile a fan base on the specific reasons people attend, watch, and spend, and it became one of the most widely used spectator-motivation instruments in sport marketing.	The Sport Spectator Identification Scale (SSIS) is a seven-item self-report measure of how strongly a fan psychologically identifies with a particular sports team. Daniel Wann and Nyla Branscombe introduced it in 1993 in the International Journal of Sport Psychology, grounding it in social identity theory: a fan who identifies with a team incorporates that team into the self, so the team's successes and failures are experienced as the fan's own. The scale asks respondents, with reference to a team they name, how important it is that the team wins, how strongly they see themselves as fans, how closely they follow the team, and related questions, each rated on an eight-point Likert format and summed into a single identification score. Because team identification predicts a wide range of fan behaviors and well-being outcomes, the SSIS became the standard short instrument for measuring it and the workhorse of decades of sport fan research.