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	Months of Adequate Household Food Provisioning	Household Hunger Scale
Field	Food Agriculture Studies	Food Agriculture Studies
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	2010	2011
Originator	Paula Bilinsky & Anne Swindale (FANTA)	Terri Ballard, Jennifer Coates, Anne Swindale & Megan Deitchler (FANTA)
Type	Recall-based count of months of adequate household food access over a 12-month period	Short experience-based household hunger screening scale for cross-cultural use
Seminal source	Bilinsky, P., & Swindale, A. (2010). Months of Adequate Household Food Provisioning (MAHFP) for Measurement of Household Food Access: Indicator Guide (Version 4). Washington, DC: Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project (FANTA-2), FHI 360.	Ballard, T., Coates, J., Swindale, A., & Deitchler, M. (2011). Household Hunger Scale: Indicator Definition and Measurement Guide. Washington, DC: Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project (FANTA-2), FHI 360.
Aliases	MAHFP, FANTA Months of Adequate Household Food Provisioning, Adequate Food Provisioning Months Indicator	HHS, FANTA Household Hunger Scale, Cross-Cultural Household Hunger Measure
Related	3	3
Summary	Months of Adequate Household Food Provisioning (MAHFP) is a FANTA food-access indicator, documented by Bilinsky and Swindale in 2010, that captures the temporal dimension of household food security. Rather than asking about the past week or month, it asks the household to recall, across all twelve months of the previous year, in which months it did not have enough food to meet its needs. The number of adequately provisioned months — twelve minus the count of inadequate months — is the MAHFP, ranging from zero to twelve. Because it spans a full year and is anchored to the local seasonal calendar, MAHFP reveals chronic and seasonal food shortfalls that point-in-time measures miss, and its mean and monthly profile are easy to compute and compare.	The Household Hunger Scale (HHS) is a short, experience-based food-deprivation indicator developed by FANTA and documented by Ballard, Coates, Swindale and Deitchler in 2011, designed specifically to be valid for cross-cultural comparison. Unlike longer access scales, it focuses on the three most severe manifestations of food insecurity — having no food in the house, going to sleep hungry, and going a whole day and night without eating — each with a frequency follow-up over a four-week recall. The three items are recoded into a score from zero to six and partitioned into little-to-no, moderate, and severe household hunger. Because Deitchler and colleagues validated these items across diverse settings, the HHS provides a simple, comparable measure of severe food deprivation suitable for use in food-insecure regions worldwide.