Compare methods

	Memory-Work Method	Intersectionality Analysis
Field	Gender Studies	Gender Studies
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	1987	1989
Originator	Frigga Haug	Kimberlé Crenshaw
Type	Collective feminist qualitative method	Critical qualitative analytic framework
Seminal source	Haug, F. (Ed.) (1987). Female Sexualization: A Collective Work of Memory (E. Carter, Trans.). Verso, London. ISBN: 9780860918173	Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241–1299.
Aliases	Memory Work, Collective Memory-Work, Frigga Haug Memory Work	Intersectional Analysis, Intersectionality Framework, Intersectional Qualitative Analysis
Related	4	4
Summary	Memory-work is a collective feminist research method, devised by Frigga Haug and her colleagues in the 1980s, in which a group of co-researchers each writes down concrete memories about a shared theme and then analyzes those memories together to uncover how gendered subjectivities are socially constructed. By treating their own remembered experiences as data, participants dissolve the boundary between researcher and researched and expose the everyday processes through which people actively make themselves into the gendered subjects society expects them to become.	Intersectionality analysis is a critical qualitative framework that examines how multiple social categories — such as race, gender, class, sexuality, and disability — intersect and operate together to shape lived experience, advantage, and disadvantage. Coined by legal scholar Kimberlé Crenshaw in 1989 and 1991, it rejects single-axis analysis that treats categories one at a time, insisting instead that overlapping systems of power produce qualitatively distinct positions that cannot be understood by adding the categories separately.