Compare methods

	Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment	Input-Output Analysis
Field	Economics	Economics
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	2006	1936
Originator	Hendrickson, Lave & Matthews (building on Leontief)	Wassily Leontief
Type	Input-output-based environmental life-cycle assessment	Linear inter-industry accounting and impact model
Seminal source	Hendrickson, C., Lave, L. B., & Matthews, H. S. (2006). Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Goods and Services: An Input-Output Approach. RFF Press. ISBN: 9781933115245	Leontief, W. W. (1936). Quantitative input and output relations in the economic system of the United States. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 18(3), 105–125.
Aliases	IO-LCA, Economic Input-Output LCA, EIO-LCA, Hybrid Life Cycle Assessment	Leontief Model, Inter-Industry Analysis, I-O Analysis, Input-Output Model
Related	4	4
Summary	Input-output life cycle assessment (IO-LCA) estimates the environmental burdens of a product or service over its life cycle by representing it as a unit of final demand within an environmentally extended input-output model. Rather than mapping individual processes, it leverages the Leontief inverse to capture the complete, economy-wide supply chain at once, eliminating the truncation that limits process-based LCA. Popularized by Hendrickson, Lave, and Matthews, IO-LCA and its hybrid extensions are distinct from process LCA in scope, data, and the way system boundaries are drawn.	Input-output analysis is a quantitative framework for representing the interdependence between the industries of an economy, introduced by Wassily Leontief in 1936. It records the flows of goods and services between sectors in a transactions table, derives fixed technical coefficients describing how much each industry buys from every other industry per unit of output, and inverts the resulting linear system to trace how an exogenous change in final demand ripples through the entire production structure.