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| Healthy Life Expectancy× | Multistate Life Table× | |
|---|---|---|
| Field | Demography | Demography |
| Family | Survival analysis | Survival analysis |
| Year of origin≠ | 1971 | 1975 |
| Originator≠ | Daniel F. Sullivan (Sullivan method); developed by the WHO/REVES tradition | Andrei Rogers, Robert Schoen and collaborators |
| Type≠ | Health-expectancy estimator partitioning life expectancy into healthy and unhealthy years | Nonparametric life table with multiple living states and transitions |
| Seminal source≠ | Sullivan, D. F. (1971). A single index of mortality and morbidity. HSMHA Health Reports, 86(4), 347–354. link ↗ | Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512 |
| Aliases≠ | HALE, Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy, Disability-Free Life Expectancy | Increment-Decrement Life Table, Multiple-State Life Table, Multistate Demography, Çok Durumlu Yaşam Tablosu |
| Related | 4 | 4 |
| Summary≠ | Healthy life expectancy partitions ordinary life expectancy into the years a person can expect to live in good health and the years expected to be lived with disability or ill health. Building on the life table, the classic Sullivan method weights each age interval's person-years by the prevalence of good health, so the resulting expectancy answers not just 'how long will people live?' but 'how many of those years will be healthy?'. It has become a headline summary of population health, reported by the World Health Organization as HALE and tracked alongside life expectancy to judge whether longer lives are also healthier lives. | The multistate life table, also called the increment-decrement life table, generalizes the ordinary life table to populations that move among several living states — such as healthy and disabled, married and unmarried, or employed and unemployed — as well as the absorbing state of death. Using age-specific transition rates organized in matrices, it tracks the flows of a synthetic cohort among states and yields state-specific expectancies, such as the years a person can expect to spend healthy versus disabled. |
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