Compare methods

	Harvard Gender Analysis Framework	Social Relations Approach
Field	Gender Studies	Gender Studies
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	1985	1994
Originator	Catherine Overholt, Mary B. Anderson, Kathleen Cloud & James E. Austin (Harvard Institute for International Development, with USAID)	Naila Kabeer
Type	Applied gender analysis framework	Applied gender analysis framework
Seminal source	Overholt, C., Anderson, M. B., Cloud, K., & Austin, J. E. (Eds.) (1985). Gender Roles in Development Projects: A Case Book. Kumarian Press, West Hartford, CT. ISBN: 9780931816154	Kabeer, N. (1994). Reversed Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought. Verso, London. ISBN: 9780860915843
Aliases	Harvard Analytical Framework, Gender Roles Framework, Harvard Framework	Social Relations Framework, Kabeer Social Relations Approach
Related	4	4
Summary	The Harvard Gender Analysis Framework, also called the Harvard Analytical Framework or Gender Roles Framework, is one of the earliest structured tools for incorporating gender into development planning. Developed in 1985 by researchers at the Harvard Institute for International Development in collaboration with the USAID Women in Development office, it organises gender analysis around three matrices — an Activity Profile of who does what, an Access and Control Profile of resources and benefits, and an analysis of the Influencing Factors that shape these patterns — and applies them across the project cycle to make women's economic contributions visible to planners.	The Social Relations Approach, developed by Naila Kabeer at the Institute of Development Studies in the early 1990s, is a framework for analysing gender inequality as a product of social relations embedded in institutions rather than as a matter of women's roles alone. It treats human well-being and empowerment as the goal of development, examines how four key institutions — the state, the market, the community, and the family or kinship — produce and reproduce inequality through their rules, resources, people, activities, and distribution of power, and traces the causes of inequality at immediate, underlying, and structural levels.