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	Global Gender Gap Index	Gender Inequality Index
Field	Gender Studies	Gender Studies
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	2006	2010
Originator	World Economic Forum (Hausmann, Tyson & Zahidi)	UNDP Human Development Report Office (Gaye, Klugman et al.)
Type	Composite gap index	Composite inequality index
Seminal source	World Economic Forum (2023). Global Gender Gap Report 2023. World Economic Forum, Geneva.	Gaye, A., Klugman, J., Kovacevic, M., Twigg, S., & Zambrano, E. (2010). Measuring key disparities in human development: The Gender Inequality Index. Human Development Research Paper 2010/46. UNDP Human Development Report Office.
Aliases	GGGI, WEF Gender Gap Index, Global Gender Gap Report Index	GII, UNDP Gender Inequality Index
Related	4	4
Summary	The Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI) is the headline measure of the World Economic Forum's annual Global Gender Gap Report, first published in 2006. It benchmarks gender parity by measuring female-to-male ratios across four subindexes — economic participation and opportunity, educational attainment, health and survival, and political empowerment — and reports the share of each gap that has been closed, deliberately ignoring countries' absolute levels of development.	The Gender Inequality Index (GII) is a composite measure introduced by the UNDP in the 2010 Human Development Report to capture the loss in potential human development due to inequality between women and men. It combines three dimensions — reproductive health, empowerment, and labour-market participation — into a single index ranging from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (complete inequality), using an association-sensitive aggregation that penalises both gaps between the sexes and inequality across dimensions.