Compare methods

	Food Balance Sheet Analysis	Household Hunger Scale
Field	Food Agriculture Studies	Food Agriculture Studies
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	2001	2011
Originator	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)	Terri Ballard, Jennifer Coates, Anne Swindale & Megan Deitchler (FANTA)
Type	National commodity supply-utilization accounting for food availability	Short experience-based household hunger screening scale for cross-cultural use
Seminal source	FAO (2001). Food Balance Sheets: A Handbook. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.	Ballard, T., Coates, J., Swindale, A., & Deitchler, M. (2011). Household Hunger Scale: Indicator Definition and Measurement Guide. Washington, DC: Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project (FANTA-2), FHI 360.
Aliases	FBS, FAO Food Balance Sheets, National Food Supply Accounting, Dietary Energy Supply Analysis	HHS, FANTA Household Hunger Scale, Cross-Cultural Household Hunger Measure
Related	3	3
Summary	Food Balance Sheet (FBS) analysis is FAO's framework for accounting for a country's food supply, codified in the 2001 handbook Food Balance Sheets: A Handbook and updated in FAO's 2017 methodology. For each commodity, the FBS balances the total supply available during a reference period — domestic production plus imports adjusted for stock changes — against all utilization: exports, animal feed, seed, processing, waste, other non-food uses, and finally the quantity available for human consumption. Dividing food available by population gives per capita supply, which is then converted, using food-composition factors, into Dietary Energy Supply (kilocalories per person per day) and protein and fat supply. The FBS underpins national-level food-security indicators, including the prevalence of undernourishment.	The Household Hunger Scale (HHS) is a short, experience-based food-deprivation indicator developed by FANTA and documented by Ballard, Coates, Swindale and Deitchler in 2011, designed specifically to be valid for cross-cultural comparison. Unlike longer access scales, it focuses on the three most severe manifestations of food insecurity — having no food in the house, going to sleep hungry, and going a whole day and night without eating — each with a frequency follow-up over a four-week recall. The three items are recoded into a score from zero to six and partitioned into little-to-no, moderate, and severe household hunger. Because Deitchler and colleagues validated these items across diverse settings, the HHS provides a simple, comparable measure of severe food deprivation suitable for use in food-insecure regions worldwide.