Compare methods

	Environmentally Extended Input-Output Analysis	Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment
Field	Economics	Economics
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	1970	2006
Originator	Wassily Leontief	Hendrickson, Lave & Matthews (building on Leontief)
Type	Input-output model augmented with environmental satellite accounts	Input-output-based environmental life-cycle assessment
Seminal source	Leontief, W. (1970). Environmental repercussions and the economic structure: an input-output approach. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 52(3), 262–271.	Hendrickson, C., Lave, L. B., & Matthews, H. S. (2006). Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Goods and Services: An Input-Output Approach. RFF Press. ISBN: 9781933115245
Aliases	EEIO, Environmental Input-Output Analysis, Pollution Input-Output Model, Footprint Input-Output Analysis	IO-LCA, Economic Input-Output LCA, EIO-LCA, Hybrid Life Cycle Assessment
Related	4	4
Summary	Environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) analysis appends satellite accounts of physical environmental flows — greenhouse-gas emissions, energy, water, land, and materials — to a monetary input-output table so that environmental burdens can be allocated through supply chains to the final demand that ultimately drives them. By multiplying direct environmental-intensity coefficients by the Leontief inverse, EEIO computes the total burden embodied in each unit of final demand, providing the standard framework for consumption-based carbon footprints and emissions embodied in trade.	Input-output life cycle assessment (IO-LCA) estimates the environmental burdens of a product or service over its life cycle by representing it as a unit of final demand within an environmentally extended input-output model. Rather than mapping individual processes, it leverages the Leontief inverse to capture the complete, economy-wide supply chain at once, eliminating the truncation that limits process-based LCA. Popularized by Hendrickson, Lave, and Matthews, IO-LCA and its hybrid extensions are distinct from process LCA in scope, data, and the way system boundaries are drawn.