Compare methods

	Client Satisfaction Questionnaire	Routine Outcome Monitoring
Field	Social Work	Social Work
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	1979	2001
Originator	Daniel Larsen, C. Clifford Attkisson & colleagues	Michael J. Lambert and the patient-focused/measurement-based-care tradition
Type	Brief standardized measure of client satisfaction with services	Systematic repeated measurement of client outcomes to inform ongoing care
Seminal source	Larsen, D. L., Attkisson, C. C., Hargreaves, W. A., & Nguyen, T. D. (1979). Assessment of client/patient satisfaction: Development of a general scale. Evaluation and Program Planning, 2(3), 197–207.	Lambert, M. J., Hansen, N. B., & Finch, A. E. (2001). Client-focused research: Using client outcome data to enhance treatment effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69(2), 159–172.
Aliases	CSQ, CSQ-8, Client Satisfaction Scale, Consumer Satisfaction Questionnaire	ROM, Measurement-Based Care, Outcome Monitoring, Progress Monitoring
Related	4	4
Summary	The Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ) is a brief, standardized self-report measure of how satisfied clients are with the human services they receive, most commonly used in its eight-item form, the CSQ-8. Developed by Daniel Larsen, C. Clifford Attkisson, and colleagues in 1979, it produces a single satisfaction score that programs use as a consumer-perspective indicator of service quality, complementing outcome measures by capturing whether clients found the service helpful, of good quality, and worth recommending.	Routine outcome monitoring (ROM), also called measurement-based care, is the practice of repeatedly administering a validated outcome measure throughout a course of treatment and using the resulting data to track each client's progress, compare it against an expected recovery trajectory, and adjust care when a client is not improving as predicted. Pioneered in psychotherapy by Michael Lambert's patient-focused research and now standard in behavioral health and social work, it turns outcome measurement from a one-time research activity into a continuous clinical feedback loop that demonstrably improves outcomes for clients who would otherwise deteriorate.