Compare methods

	Citizens' Jury Method	Deliberative Polling
Field	Public Policy	Public Policy
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	1986	1991
Originator	Ned Crosby (Jefferson Center); Peter Dienel developed the parallel Planungszelle	James S. Fishkin
Type	Deliberative mini-public method	Deliberative survey method
Seminal source	Crosby, N., Kelly, J. M., & Schaefer, P. (1986). Citizens panels: A new approach to citizen participation. Public Administration Review, 46(2), 170–178.	Fishkin, J. S. (1991). Democracy and Deliberation: New Directions for Democratic Reform. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN: 9780300051636
Aliases	Citizens Jury, Citizen Panel, Citizens' Panel	Deliberative Poll, Deliberative Opinion Poll, Fishkin Deliberative Polling
Related	4	4
Summary	A citizens' jury is a deliberative method that convenes a small, demographically representative panel of randomly selected citizens to consider a policy question in depth and produce reasoned recommendations. Modelled loosely on the trial jury, it gives ordinary people time, balanced information, expert witnesses and skilled facilitation so they can deliberate and reach a considered judgement on behalf of the wider public. Developed in the United States by Ned Crosby and his Jefferson Center, with a parallel German tradition (the Planungszelle) created by Peter Dienel, it is a leading form of deliberative 'mini-public'.	Deliberative Polling is a method, devised by James Fishkin, that combines the representativeness of a scientific opinion survey with the informed reflection of deliberation. A large, random and representative sample of citizens is first polled on an issue, then gathered to deliberate over balanced materials and dialogue with experts and one another, and finally polled again. The change between the before and after surveys reveals what the public would think about an issue if it were genuinely informed and had the opportunity to consider it — Fishkin's idea of 'counterfactual' or considered public opinion.