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	Bass Diffusion Model	Technological Innovation Systems
Field	Science Technology Studies	Science Technology Studies
Family	Regression model	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	1969	2008
Originator	Frank M. Bass	Anna Bergek, Staffan Jacobsson, Bo Carlsson and colleagues
Type	Nonlinear diffusion / growth model	Systems-of-innovation framework and scheme of analysis
Seminal source	Bass, F. M. (1969). A new product growth for model consumer durables. Management Science, 15(5), 215-227.	Bergek, A., Jacobsson, S., Carlsson, B., Lindmark, S., & Rickne, A. (2008). Analyzing the functional dynamics of technological innovation systems: a scheme of analysis. Research Policy, 37(3), 407-429.
Aliases	Bass model, New product growth model, Innovation diffusion model	TIS analysis, Technological innovation system approach, Functional dynamics scheme
Related	3	4
Summary	The Bass diffusion model is a parsimonious mathematical model of how a new product or technology spreads through a market over time, introduced by Frank Bass in 1969. It represents adoption as the combined effect of two forces—external influence (mass media, advertising) acting on innovators and internal influence (word of mouth, imitation) acting on imitators—producing the characteristic S-shaped cumulative adoption curve from a fixed pool of eventual adopters.	Technological Innovation Systems (TIS) analysis studies the emergence, growth, and performance of a specific technology by treating it as a system of actors, networks, and institutions that interact to generate, diffuse, and use that technology. Building on the systems-of-innovation tradition, the influential scheme of Bergek and colleagues combines a structural account of the system's components with a functional analysis of the key processes—or functions—that an innovation system must perform, then compares achieved with desired functionality to diagnose inducement and blocking mechanisms and derive policy.