Compare methods

	Arriaga Decomposition	Das Gupta Decomposition
Field	Demography	Demography
Family	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	1984	1993
Originator	Eduardo E. Arriaga	Prithwis Das Gupta
Type	Age-specific decomposition of a difference in life expectancy	Multi-factor, multi-population decomposition of a difference between rates
Seminal source	Arriaga, E. E. (1984). Measuring and explaining the change in life expectancies. Demography, 21(1), 83–96.	Das Gupta, P. (1993). Standardization and Decomposition of Rates: A User's Manual. U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports P23-186.
Aliases	Arriaga's method, Life-expectancy decomposition, Age decomposition of life expectancy, Arriaga Ayrıştırması	Das Gupta's method, Multi-factor rate decomposition, Standardization and decomposition of rates, Das Gupta Ayrıştırması
Related	4	4
Summary	Arriaga decomposition is a demographic technique that breaks down the difference in life expectancy between two life tables — two countries, two time points, or two groups — into the contributions of mortality change at each age. Introduced by Eduardo Arriaga in 1984, it tells the analyst not just that life expectancy rose or fell, but exactly which ages drove the change, separating the direct effect of mortality change within an age interval from the indirect effect of the extra survivors that change passes on to older ages.	Das Gupta decomposition is the general framework for standardizing and decomposing a difference between summary rates when several factors act at once and more than two populations must be compared. Developed by Prithwis Das Gupta and codified in his 1993 U.S. Census Bureau manual, it generalizes Kitagawa's two-population, single-factor decomposition to any number of multiplicatively or additively combined factors and any number of populations, producing factor effects that are exactly additive, symmetric, and internally consistent across every pairwise comparison.