Compare methods

	Anti-Immigrant Prejudice Scale	Symbolic Racism 2000 Scale
Field	Political Psychology	Political Psychology
Family	Latent structure	Process / pipeline
Year of origin	1995	2002
Originator	Thomas Pettigrew & Roel Meertens	P. J. Henry & David O. Sears
Type	Attitude scale for prejudice toward immigrants	Self-report attitude scale
Seminal source	Pettigrew, T. F., & Meertens, R. W. (1995). Subtle and Blatant Prejudice in Western Europe. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25(1), 57-75.	Henry, P. J., & Sears, D. O. (2002). The Symbolic Racism 2000 Scale. Political Psychology, 23(2), 253-283.
Aliases	Subtle and Blatant Prejudice Scale, Pettigrew-Meertens Prejudice Scale, Anti-Immigrant Attitudes Scale, Subtle Prejudice Toward Immigrants Measure	SR2K, Symbolic Racism Scale, Racial Resentment Scale, Modern Racism Scale
Related	3	4
Summary	The Anti-Immigrant Prejudice Scale, developed by Thomas Pettigrew and Roel Meertens in 1995, measures prejudice toward immigrants along two dimensions: blatant prejudice, which is hot, close, and direct, expressing open rejection and perceived threat, and subtle prejudice, which is cool, distant, and indirect, expressing defense of traditional values, denial of positive emotion, and exaggeration of cultural difference. Built from national samples across western Europe, the scale captures the modern, socially acceptable face of anti-immigrant attitudes that overt-prejudice items miss, while its two-factor structure remains the subject of ongoing psychometric debate.	The Symbolic Racism 2000 Scale (SR2K), developed by Henry and Sears (2002), is an 8-item self-report measure of symbolic racism, a contemporary, subtle form of anti-Black prejudice that blends early-learned negative affect toward a group with traditional moral values such as individualism and the work ethic. It descends from the symbolic-racism construct introduced by Kinder and Sears (1981) and is closely related to the racial-resentment battery used in the American National Election Studies.