Σύγκριση μεθόδων

	Δοκιμή CIPS	Δοκιμή Pesaran CD: Διαγνωστικός Έλεγχος Εξάρτησης Διατομών για Δεδομένα Πάνελ
Πεδίο	Οικονομετρία	Οικονομετρία
Οικογένεια	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
Έτος προέλευσης	2007	2021
Δημιουργός	M. Hashem Pesaran	M. Hashem Pesaran
Τύπος	Panel unit-root test with cross-section dependence	Non-parametric diagnostic test
Θεμελιώδης πηγή	Pesaran, M. H. (2007). A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 22(2), 265–312.	Pesaran, M. H. (2021). General diagnostic tests for cross-sectional dependence in panels. Empirical Economics, 60(1), 13–50.
Εναλλακτικές ονομασίες	Pesaran CIPS Test, Cross-Sectionally Augmented IPS, Second-Generation Panel Unit-Root Test, CIPS Birim Kök Testi	CD Test, Cross-Sectional Dependence Test, Pesaran General CD Test, Kesitsel Bağımlılık Testi
Συναφείς	3	3
Σύνοψη	The CIPS test, introduced by Pesaran (2007), is a second-generation panel unit-root test designed for panels in which the cross-sectional units share unobserved common factors that induce cross-section dependence. By augmenting each individual ADF regression with cross-sectional averages and their lags, the CIPS test accounts for this dependence and produces reliable inference where first-generation tests such as the original IPS test break down. It is widely applied in macroeconomic and finance panels where shocks propagate across countries or regions.	The Pesaran CD test is a general diagnostic procedure for detecting cross-sectional dependence in panel data models. Developed by M. Hashem Pesaran (2021), it is applicable to both balanced and unbalanced panels with large N and T, and retains validity under heterogeneous slope coefficients. The test is widely adopted in empirical economics, finance, and political economy as a prerequisite check before selecting appropriate estimators or unit-root tests for panel datasets.