Methoden vergleichen

	Das Ultimatumspiel	Diktatorspiel
Fachgebiet	Psychologie	Psychologie
Familie	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
Entstehungsjahr	1982	1994
Urheber	Werner Güth, Rolf Schmittberger, and Bernd Schwarze	Robert Forsythe and colleagues
Typ	Behavioral economics task	Allocation task
Wegweisende Quelle	Güth, W., Schmittberger, R., & Schwarze, B. (1982). An experimental analysis of ultimatum bargaining. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 3(4), 367-388.	Forsythe, R., Horowitz, J. L., Savin, N. E., & Sefton, M. (1994). Fairness in simple bargaining experiments. Games and Economic Behavior, 6(3), 347-369.
Aliasnamen	Ultimatum Bargaining, Division Game	Allocation Game, Distribution Task
Verwandt	1	1
Zusammenfassung	The Ultimatum Game is a two-player economic decision-making task that reveals preferences for fairness and social norms. One player (proposer) receives money and offers a portion to a second player (responder). The responder accepts or rejects the offer; if accepted, both receive their share; if rejected, both receive nothing. Economic theory predicts responders should accept any positive offer (better than zero), yet responders often reject unfair offers. This gap between predictions and behavior reveals that fairness concerns, equity sensitivity, and social punishment shape economic decisions.	The Dictator Game is a simple economic decision task measuring generosity and prosocial behavior. One player (dictator) receives money and unilaterally decides how to allocate it between themselves and an anonymous second player (recipient). The recipient cannot reject the offer; they simply receive what the dictator gives. Unlike the Ultimatum Game, the dictator faces no punishment for selfishness. Thus, the Dictator Game reveals baseline generosity without strategic calculation, revealing intrinsic prosocial preferences.