Methoden vergleichen

	Standardisierter Niederschlags-Evapotranspirations-Index	Allgemeines Zirkulationsmodell
Fachgebiet	Geophysik	Geophysik
Familie	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Entstehungsjahr	2010	1975
Urheber	Vicente-Serrano, Beguería, and López-Moreno	Syukuro Manabe and Richard Wetherald
Typ	Probability-based water deficit indicator	Deterministic coupled atmosphere-ocean simulation
Wegweisende Quelle	Vicente-Serrano, S. M., Beguería, S., & López-Moreno, J. I. (2010). A multiscalar drought index sensitive to global warming: the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index. Journal of Climate, 23(7), 1696-1718.	Manabe, S., & Wetherald, R. T. (1975). The effects of doubling the CO2 concentration on the climate of a general circulation model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 32(1), 3-15.
Aliasnamen	SPEI	GCM, Global Climate Model
Verwandt	3	3
Zusammenfassung	The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) is a climate index that combines precipitation and temperature (via reference evapotranspiration) to characterize water deficits and droughts. Developed by Vicente-Serrano and colleagues in 2010, SPEI extends the SPI framework to account for the combined effect of precipitation deficiency and increased evaporative demand from warming, providing a more physically-based drought metric than precipitation-only indices.	A General Circulation Model (GCM), also called a Global Climate Model, is a three-dimensional numerical representation of the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, ice, and land surface that simulates physical processes governing weather and climate. Pioneered by Manabe and Wetherald in 1975, GCMs are the primary tools for understanding past climate, projecting future climate change, and investigating climate sensitivity to greenhouse gases and other forcings.