Methoden vergleichen
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| Randomisierte kontrollierte Studie mit einfacher Verblindung× | Cluster-Randomisierte Kontrollierte Studie× | |
|---|---|---|
| Fachgebiet | Versuchsplanung | Versuchsplanung |
| Familie | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Entstehungsjahr≠ | 1948 (formalized); single-blind variant established in mid-20th century clinical trial methodology | 1978–1980s |
| Urheber≠ | Bradford Hill and colleagues (MRC streptomycin trial, 1948); blinding conventions codified in CONSORT guidelines | Cornfield (1978); systematised by Donner and colleagues (1980s) |
| Typ≠ | Experimental design — blinded randomized trial | Experimental design |
| Wegweisende Quelle≠ | Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., Moher, D., & CONSORT Group. (2010). CONSORT 2010 statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMJ, 340, c332. DOI ↗ | Donner, A., & Klar, N. (2000). Design and Analysis of Cluster Randomization Trials in Health Research. Arnold. ISBN: 978-0340652978 |
| Aliasnamen | single-masked RCT, single-blind RCT, single-blind trial, SB-RCT | cluster RCT, group-randomized trial, community randomized trial, cluster-randomized experiment |
| Verwandt≠ | 5 | 4 |
| Zusammenfassung≠ | A single-blind randomized controlled trial (SB-RCT) is a rigorous experimental design in which participants are randomly assigned to treatment or control conditions while remaining unaware of which condition they have received. Investigators, outcome assessors, and data analysts are not blinded. By masking participants, the design eliminates placebo and nocebo response biases on the participant side, while preserving investigator flexibility to administer and monitor the intervention. | A cluster randomized controlled trial (cluster RCT) is an experimental design in which intact social or organisational groups — such as schools, clinics, villages, or workplaces — are randomly assigned to treatment conditions rather than individual participants. Outcomes are still measured at the individual level, but the unit of randomization is the cluster. This design is essential when an intervention is delivered to whole groups, when there is a risk of contamination between participants in the same setting, or when individual randomization is logistically or ethically impractical. |
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