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| Multi-Head Self-Attention× | BERT-Feinabstimmung× | LoRA und PEFT× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fachgebiet | Deep Learning | Deep Learning | Deep Learning |
| Familie | Machine learning | Machine learning | Machine learning |
| Entstehungsjahr≠ | 2017 | 2019 | 2022 |
| Urheber≠ | Vaswani, A. et al. | Devlin, J. et al. | Hu, E. J. et al.; Lester, B. et al. |
| Typ≠ | Attention mechanism (Transformer core) | Transfer learning (fine-tuning a pre-trained transformer) | Parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large pretrained models |
| Wegweisende Quelle≠ | Vaswani, A. et al. (2017). Attention Is All You Need. NeurIPS. link ↗ | Devlin, J., Chang, M.-W., Lee, K. & Toutanova, K. (2019). BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding. NAACL. DOI ↗ | Hu, E. J. et al. (2022). LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models. ICLR. link ↗ |
| Aliasnamen≠ | Öz-Dikkat ve Çok Başlı Dikkat (Multi-Head Self-Attention), öz-dikkat, multi-head attention, scaled dot-product attention | BERT İnce Ayar (Fine-Tuning), BERT ince ayar, fine-tuning BERT, transfer learning with BERT | LoRA ve PEFT — Parametre Verimli İnce Ayar, Low-Rank Adaptation, parameter-efficient fine-tuning, prefix tuning |
| Verwandt | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Zusammenfassung≠ | Multi-head self-attention, introduced by Vaswani and colleagues in 2017, is the mechanism that lets every position in a sequence compute its relationship to all other positions in parallel. It is the core of the Transformer architecture and the foundation underneath BERT, GPT, and T5. | BERT fine-tuning, building on the BERT model introduced by Devlin and colleagues in 2019, re-trains a pre-trained BERT model on a small labelled dataset for a target task such as classification, named-entity recognition, or question answering. Through transfer learning it reaches high performance even with relatively little task-specific data. | LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation), introduced by Hu et al. in 2022, and the broader family of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods adapt large pretrained language models to new tasks by training only a small number of extra parameters instead of every weight in the model. This makes fine-tuning possible with far less GPU memory and compute while leaving the original model largely untouched. |
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