Methoden vergleichen

	Experimentelles Design mit Kontrollgruppe	Randomisierte kontrollierte Studie (RCT)
Fachgebiet	Versuchsplanung	Versuchsplanung
Familie	Process / pipeline	Hypothesis test
Entstehungsjahr	1935 (Fisher); 1963 (Campbell & Stanley codification)	1948
Urheber	Ronald A. Fisher; systematised by Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley	James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948)
Typ	Experimental research design	Interventional comparative study
Wegweisende Quelle	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.	Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332.
Aliasnamen	controlled experiment, true experimental design, randomized controlled design, treatment-control design	RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı
Verwandt	4	7
Zusammenfassung	Control group experimental design is a fundamental experimental structure in which participants are assigned to at least two groups — a treatment group that receives the intervention and a control group that does not — so that the effect of the intervention can be isolated by comparing outcomes across groups. Randomisation of assignment strengthens causal inference by balancing known and unknown confounders.	A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010).